Telegraph transmitting system.



E. RAYMOND-BARKER.

TELEGRAPH TRANSMITTING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 18, 1912.

1,1 1 9, 1 1 7, Patented Dec. 1, 1914.

: Lie k 31 a? 32 4 I7/V88S: T fimZK/ALL g zw' 11319;

,6 ATTOR/VEVJ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWLRD BAYMOND-BARKER, OF WIMBLEDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOB TO COMMERCIALCABLE COMTANY, OF NEW YORK-N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

TELEGBAPH TRANSMITTING BYSTEK.

Toiall whom it ma concern:

Be it known t at I, EDWARD RAYMoNn- BARKER, a subject of. the King ofGreat Britain, and a resident of 13 Lingfield road, Wimbledon, Surrey,En land, haveinvented certain new and usef 'Improvements 1n Tele raph'Transmittin Systems, of which the ollowing is a speci cation. Thisinvention relates to improvements in electro-mechanical devices forsending electric currents into a submarine cable or other telegraph lineunder peculiarly advantageous conditions inregard to the electricalcondition of theline; and it has for its main object to provide meanswhereby a constantly alternating series of positive and negative currentimpulses may be sent to the line, each impulse constituting a signalumt, as a dot or a dash, so that notwo following signal unit impulseswill be of the same polarity.

A further object of the invention 1s to provide electro-mechanicaldevices by means of which Morse signals of short dots and long dashescontrolled at the sendlng end of a cable or other telegraph line by anordlnary Morse key or by the ordinary form of Wheatstone automatlctransmitter, ma be sent into a cable by means of regularly a ternatingpositive and negative currents do rived from a galvanic battery or othersource of current, the said alternation always taking place whether thecomplete signals consist of a number of Morse dots in succession or anumber of Morse dashes in succession or a combination of Morse dots and.dashes as met with in the various Morse codes. 7

A further object of the invention is to 1'0- vide means at the receivingend of the ins to receive said alternating series of signal impulseswithout regard to their polarity and to reproduce them as Morse si a1units, the dots and dashes bein distinguished from each other by reason0 their duration and irrespective of the im ulses. I

ther important objects and advantages of the invention will appearhereinafter.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of one 'form of myinvention showing both the transmitting and receivmg e o lardiagrammatic view showing a slightly diflferent form of transmittingapparatus.

polarity of the currentf a cable system; and Fig. 2 a simi 7 PatentedDec. 1, i914. 1912. Serial No. 710,1ao.

als, 1 designates a Morse hand key whichworks in and controls a localcircuit containmg a battery 2. In this local circuit is a magnet 3 whichis arranged to operate the I arm 4 of a ole-alternator. Thispole-alternator may e of any suitable construction, but as shown in Fig.-1 it consists of the electric magnet 3; the pivoted arm 4 carrying themagnet armature 5. On the end of the arm 4 is stifliy tongue 6 which ispointed at itslower en and enlarged at its pivoted end. Below this tonue is pivoteda rocking beam 7 This roc ing beamiis so shaped, and is soadjusted in its position relativeito the pointed tongue actuated by thepole-alternatorthat in any pivoted ,a dependin normal position of restthe point of the.

tongue cannot impinge upon the center of the rocki beam but only atpoints near the center ut on the one side or the other thereof. To accomlish this the rocking beam is provided with a central upwardly extendingV-shaped tooth and with a corre' sponding tooth on each side of saidcenter tooth, the pointed tongue eng ing first on one side of the centertooth an other side according to which side is upper most when thetongue is making its downward stroke. A sprin 8 engages the u' persurface; of the pivote tongue and 1101 s it normally in its verticalcentral position, as shown in Fig.1, said tongue in its said centralposition being arranged to engage on the right hand surface of thecentraltooth on .the left hand side of the central tooth and' the saidrocking beam and tongue will then be' thrown to the left. and so onthroughout eachoperation of the pole-alternator. From this it followsthat successive workin cause t e pointed tongue to. force the rockthenon the of the pole-alternator armature.

in beam alternately to the right and to, the lel t and the tongue isdeflected away from its central position either to the rightor to theleft. This vibratory or swinging movement of the tongue I make use of toalternately close two local circuits in each of which, actuated by acommon local battery, is an :electro-magnetic transmitter. These twotransmitters, in conjunction with a sending battery, act as an ordinarycable key capable of sendin either positive or negative currents to thline; n

Projecting at right angles from the face of the tongue 6 is an arm 9which is adapted to engage one or theotherof two contact points 10 and11 each ofwhich in an independent local circuit. The arm 9'is in circuitwith the batteries of said local circuits so that said arm completesone'or' the ot er of said circuits upon each downward move ment of thearmpf the p'ole alternator. In each local circuit is an electro-magnet12each of said magnetsforming a part of'a transmitting"device 13 and 14, Apivoted arm 13 ofthe transmitting device. 13 operates between twocontact points 15 and 16 while a corresponding arm 17'of the transmitter14 operates between two'contacts'18 and 19. It isftherefore,{manifestthat the contact arm 9will first close the local circuit A through thetransmitter 13 and 'uponfits next operation will'close the 'circuitthrough the transmitter 14. The transmitter 13 is arranged toplacenegative current tothe line or cable and the transmitter 14is arrangedto' place positive current to the line or cable. To accomplish thistheback con tacts 1 5 and 18 of the two transmitters are connected to"'thepositivepole of the battery or other source of electric current and thefront contacts 16 and 19are connected to the negative oleof thebattery'or other source of electric; supply. The armature'of thetransmitter 13 is electrically connected to the cable or telegraph lineC by wire a, while the armature of the transmitter 14 is connected toearth at E. It is manifest from tliis arrangement that when the arm oftransmitter 13 is actuated and thrown against its front stop "16 a netive impulse will be sent to the line, an when the corresponding arm 0f"tl1 transmitter 14 is actuated and its pole-changing arm sent'againstits front contact 1911 positive impulse willbe sent to the line. It isclear that the alternations of current impulses to the line takeplaceautomatically on the operation of the transmittin key or othertransmitting appara tus an that said transmitting apparatus or device isoperated in the ordinary manner for transmitting Morse character's.Successive workingsof the pole-alternator armature cause alternatepositivc and negative cu'rrents'to' pass to the line irrespective of thelength crtime vaitie *ofeach current iinpiilse.

At the receiving end of the. cable. any suitable form of receivingdevice may be employed, such, for instance, as a relay 2O havmg aswinging tongue 21 adapted to be moved in response to the incomingcurrents.

"This relay is;-provided with two stops 22 both of which are connectedto one side of any suitable form of non-polarized relay or Morsereceiving instrument 23, the contact 01': the rela 20 being connected tosaid instrument t rough a local battery. It is manifest that thesignalimpulses will be re produced in the receiving instrument as short orlong impulses irrespective of the polarity of the impulses,said signalimpulses being distinguished from each other by the time or length ofduration.

In the form of apparatus shown in Fig. 2 a hand Morse key 245 isarranged in a local circuit which includes an electro-magnet 25 of anclectro-mechanical'cable key or transm'itting device 26. This vkey isprovided with a pivoted arm 27 which carries the armature for theelectromagnet 25. One end ofthis arm carriesa contactpoint 28 which 7vibrates between a backstop 29 and a front stop 30. The swinging arm ofthe transmittin device is e ectricallv connected to the ca le ortelegraph line C, and the back stop o'f'said transmitting device isconnected to earth." Oneend of the arm 27 isadapted to engage the teethof a ratchet wheel 31, said arm and said wheel being so arranged thatupon each operation of the arm the wheel" WilIbe-rotated one tooth'sothat said wheel hasan' intermittentstepfby-step ronioveme nt underthe'influen ce of the transmitting" device operated through the Morsetransmitting key. On the shaft 31 of the ratchet wheel are securedtwo'disks 32 and 33of'a'n suitable non-conducting material. ach iskcarries a contact point for each tooth of theratchet wheel. As shown inthe drawing the ratchet wheel has eight teeth and the contact or circuitclosin disks each' have eight contact points 34. T ese contact oints'are electrically connected to a sen ing battery 35; each alterna'tepoint being connected to the positive pole of the battery, the otherpoints being connected to the negative poleof' the battery; and thesaidcontact points are so arranged on each disk that a negative'cdntactpoint of one ,disk will be adjacent to andin line witha' bsitive contact,point on the adjacent disk. Adapted'to engage these contact points aretwo contact brushes 36 and 371 the brush 36 engagin the points ofcircuit closing disk 32 and ihe brush 37 engaging the contact points ofdisk 33. This-latter brush are electrically connected to earth whilebrush'36'is connected to the front stop of the transmittin key.

It is manifest irom' the arrangement of the parts shown'in Fig. 2 thatupon the depression of the Morse transmittin key the ratchet wheel andthe circuit closing disks will be given a rotary movement suflicient toshift the contact under the brushes and thus change the polarity of thecurrent to the line, the contact point of the transmitting key at thesame time engaging its front contact that the brush of circuit closerdisk 32 will be directly connected electrically to the cable.-Therefore, as the brush of said disk will alternately engage positiveand negative contact points, the polarity of the current of the line ischanged at each operation of the Morse key. The circuit 0 oser disk 33correspondingly puts positive or negative current to earth.

,The' receiving apparatus for the form of transmitter shown in Figf2 isprecisely the same as that used in connection with the apparatus showninFig. 1.

From the foregoing it 18 clear that I p1ovide'very simpleelectro-mechanical means for transmittin signals made up of dots signalsbeing transmitted by means of'alternating impulses of current ofopposite polarity.

Many modifications of the mechanical means for securing the reversals nicurrent may be employed and I do not wish to..be limited in thisrespect; and the system may be duplexed in the ordinary'manner, ifdesired.

I am aware that the broad principle ofa telegraph system wherein thesignals or units of signals are'transmittedby'a series of electricimpulses in which each impulse iso posite in polarity to the precedingone,

so at no two following or successive signal impulses are of the samepolarity, is the in vention of John Gott of Brighton, England, for whichinvention he has made application for patent, and I do not wish to claimsaid princi le or telegraph sy'stem, broadly.v

What-I 0 claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is:

1'. A system of electricsignaling conipfising a transmitting key, a.line, means for throwing upon'the line impulses of current each impulse.constituting a signal unit, said means earthing the 'line after eachcurrent impulse, and mechanically operated means-- controlled bythe'closure of the key for reversing the polarity of the current to theline for each signal. unit-impulse.

2. A system of electric signaling com rising a signal transmittingmeans, a1 e, means for throwing u on the line impulses of current, eachimpn as constituting a signalwunit, said means earthing the line aftereach current impulse, and mechanically operated means controlled by theclosure ofthe transmitting means for reversing the polarity of thecurrent to the line for each signal unit impulse.

3. A system of electric signaling com rising a signal transmittingapparatus, a 'ne, means for throwing upon the line impulses of current,each impulse constituting a signal unit, said means earthing the lineafter each current impulse, and mechanically operated means controlledby the :closure of the signal transmittin apparatus for reversing thepolarity 0% the current to the line for each signal unit impulse,whereby no two following signal unit impulses will be of the samepolarity.

.4. A system of electric signaling com rising a signal transmitting aparatus, a ine, means or throwing upon t e line an impulse of current foreach closure of the signal transmitting apparatus, each impulseconstitutin a signal unit, a circuit reverser controlled y the closureof the transmitting apparatus to change the polarity of the line currentfor'each succeeding impulse of ,current and means for earthing the lineafter each current impulse.

5. A telegraph system comprising a line,

5 means for throwing positive or negative current to the line, atransmitting device, an electro-mechanical means for controlling thepolarity of the current to the line, said means reversing the polarityto the line at each successive operation, means at the receiving end ofthe line responsive to im pulses of current of opposite polarity, andmeans to reproduce said impulses irrespective of their polarity,whereby-*said reproduced impulses can be distinguished from each otheronly by their duration or length, and irrespective of fl1eir polarity.

6. A system of electric signaling comprising a transmitting means aline, means for throwing upon the line impulses of current eachimpulseconstituting a complete signal unit, said means, earthing the line aftereach current impulse, mechanically operated meanscontrolled by thetransmitting means for reversing the polarity of the current to the linefor each signal unit, means at the receiving end of the line responsiveto impulses of currentof opposite polaritv and means to reproduce saidimpulses as signals irrespective of their polarity, whereby saidreproduced signal impulses can be distinguished from each other only bvtheir duration or length and irrespective of their polarity.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature in the presence oftwo witnesses.

EDWARD RAYMOND-BARKER. Witnesses:

Cmumns Core,

H. D. J s n-son.

